MAPPING PARENTING STYLES AND PRACTICES AMONG SOMALI COMMUNITY: THE CASE OF HARGEISA, SOMALILAND

Author: Somaliland, Ethiophia

Abstract

This study examined parenting styles and practices among Somali parents in Hargeisa, Somaliland, with attention to cultural, religious, and educational influences. A mixed-methods design was employed, combining survey data from 120 parents with 14 semi-structured interviews. Parenting styles were assessed using Baumrind’s typology, and thematic analysis provided qualitative insights. Quantitative results indicated that authoritarian parenting was most dominant (M = 3.82; 55%), followed by neglectful tendencies (M = 3.55; 18.3%). Authoritative parenting showed moderate presence (M = 2.55; 16.7%), while permissive parenting was least observed (M = 2.09; 10%). Qualitative findings reinforced these results, highlighting obedience, discipline, and sharaf (family honor) as central values. Islamic socialization emerged as the strongest contextual influence (M = 3.89), while socio-economic pressures (M = 3.50) and urban challenges (M = 3.33) complicated parenting, sometimes leading to neglect. Education moderated parenting approaches: parents with higher education demonstrated more authoritative tendencies, incorporating reasoning and emotional support, whereas less educated parents relied on authoritarian and neglectful practices. Overall, Somali parenting in Hargeisa reflects a transitional landscape—authoritarian norms remain dominant, but urbanization and education are fostering gradual shifts toward more balanced, child-centered approaches.